Excerpts from the presentation:

Why preschool for all children?

- Investing early can yield high returns and is pro-growth
- School failure is not just a problem for children in poverty
- Universal programs are more cost-effective than targeted programs

Why not target pre-K?

- Targeting is costly and imperfect
- Head Start misses most poor children
- Benefits do not stop at the poverty line
- Many non-poor have similar problems
- Benefits greater when all children exposed to Pre-K